roles of chromatin insulators in gene regulation and diseases

Roles of Chromatin insulators in gene regulation and diseases

With advances in genetic science, the dynamic structure of eukaryotic genome is considered as basis of gene expression regulation. Long-distance communication between regulatory elements and target promoters is critical and the mechanisms responsible for this connection are just starting to emerge. Chromatin insulators are key determinants of proper gene regulation and precise organization of c...

Architectural roles of multiple chromatin insulators at the human apolipoprotein gene cluster.

Long-range regulatory elements and higher-order chromatin structure coordinate the expression of multiple genes in cluster, and CTCF/cohesin-mediated chromatin insulator may be a key in this regulation. The human apolipoprotein (APO) A1/C3/A4/A5 gene region, whose alterations increase the risk of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, is partitioned at least by three CTCF-enriched sites and three co...

Chromatin insulators.

Active and silenced chromatin domains are often in close juxtaposition to one another, and enhancer and silencer elements operate over large distances to regulate the genes in these domains. The lack of promiscuity in the function of these elements suggests that active mechanisms exist to restrict their activity. Insulators are DNA elements that restrict the effects of long-range regulatory ele...

Chromatin insulators: a role in nuclear organization and gene expression.

Chromatin insulators are DNA-protein complexes with broad functions in nuclear biology. Based on the ability of insulator proteins to interact with each other, it was originally found that insulators form loops that bring together distant regions of the genome. Data from genome-wide localization studies indicate that insulator proteins can be present in intergenic regions as well as at the 5', ...

Chromatin insulators and cohesins.

Chromatin, Gene, and RNA Regulation

Members of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) contain tumor-associated translocations that give rise to oncogenic transcription factors, most commonly EWS/FLI1. EWS/FLI1 plays a dominant role in tumor progression by modulating the expression of hundreds of target genes. Here, the impact of EWS/FLI1 inhibition, by RNAi-mediated knockdown, on cellular signaling was investigated using mass ...